Correlación entre la escala iScore y mortalidad en pacientes con evento cerebrovascular isquémico: Un estudio realizado en Guayaquil, Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61708/y3g0wf04Palabras clave:
accidente cerebrovascular isquémico, pronóstico, mortalidad, estudio de validaciónResumen
Introducción: El accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) es la segunda causa principal de discapacidad y muerte mundial. Se han desarrollado varias puntuaciones de pronóstico para predecir los resultados funcionales posterior al evento. La puntuación de riesgo predictivo de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico (iScore) estima el riesgo de muerte después de la hospitalización por un ACV isquémico. Objetivo: Describir la correlación entre la puntuación iScore y mortalidad en pacientes con evento cerebrovascular isquémico de Guayaquil, Ecuador. Metodología: Estudio transversal, no experimental, prospectivo, de enfoque cuantitativo. Se llevó a cabo en el servicio de Neurología del Hospital Luis Vernaza, de la Cuidad de Guayaquil-Ecuador, durante el periodo marzo-agosto, 2023; Individuos que acude a emergencia con diagnóstico confirmado de ACV isquémico. Se obtuvo datos a partir de la historia clínica electrónica respecto a variables clínico-epidemiológicas y se aplicó la puntuación iScore. El análisis se realizó con el Software Estadístico SPSS versión 24, aplicando métodos estadísticos de frecuencia, porcentaje y asociación según los objetivos propuestos. Resultados: se incluyó una muestra de 110 individuos. La edad promedio de individuos con ECV fue de 70 años, con predominancia de sexo masculino (52.7%). Entre las comorbilidades de mayor frecuencia se encuentran hipertensión arterial (72.7%), diabetes mellitus (37.3%) y fibrilación auricular (91%). La tasa de mortalidad de 127 por cada 1000 individuos. Se encuentra una significancia estadística para aquellos con iScore elevado (quinto quintil) respecto a la mortalidad (p <0.001) (Tabla 1 y 2). Conclusiones: Esta herramienta podría emplearse como parte de la valoración inicial del riesgo de mortalidad en pacientes con ACV isquémico.
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